The number of PicoWAN Gateways necessary to cover urban areas and entire countries is very low.

PicoPlugs installed where they are most needed, inside buildings

A few hundred PicoPlugs are enough to cover downtown Paris with a population of 2.5 Million people over an area of some 100 km² with compact building blocks and narrow street canyons.
PicoWAN makes use of narrower bandwidths than LoRaWAN in order to reach objects that are the farthest from PicoPlugs. In this way, the sensitivity of PicoWAN objects and PicoPlugs is improved compared to LoRaWAN.
Provided they are located facing windows on upper floors, PicoPlugs will radiate similarly to rooftop installations with the same radiated power strictly limited by the ISM regulations. On the other hand, PicoPlugs can be installed where they are most needed, that is inside buildings to reach deep-indoor areas inaccessible to global LPWANs.

Relay PicoPlugs

Picoplugs can even be installed where no internet connection is available: any PicoPlug which is not connected to internet will automatically converts itself as a relay of messages to the closest connected PicoPlug nearby. This is very useful to reach remote areas, indoor or outdoor, extending the coverage of a PicoPlug to an entire block of buildings or a whole quarter.